Hi hz7225;
In the latest Yocto image, Alsa is added. In this other thread AlexT explains how he did to play and record in the Edison using ALSA.
For video, you can use udev (Example of camera using udev)
If you want to use UVC you could install this kernel made by AlexT with the respective packages (Discussion thread)
In this other document you will find shields that have been tested with the respectively results. I hope this could give you an idea for your project
Regards;
CMata